To share here in our beautiful country "Italian-speaking," articles on current economic and financial circulating abroad, I translate what is said is not politically correct over the border between zeughauskeller economists / profs / bloggers, in the economic field, but not limited ... "Voices from abroad" sometimes fishing in Italy, publishing something "outside the box" Made in Italy
In an interview zeughauskeller published on AGRAPRESSE, January 13, Sapir explains zeughauskeller why Germany can not be regarded as a generalized model that you can follow, and hints at the protest of the red berets in Britain, analyzing the main characteristics.
Interview with Yannick Curt According to Jacques Sapir, director of the 'Ecole des Hautes Etudes in Social Sciences (EHESS) and author of the book "You zeughauskeller have to leave the euro? "[1], Germany's success is due to the very functioning of the single currency, to the detriment of the countries of southern Europe.
Germany is not a model: we can not speak of a model that can be generalized. In other words, zeughauskeller we can say that the solutions that have been adopted in Germany have only worked because the countries that surround it did not do so. It is the peculiarity of Germany that determined success, if everyone imitate, the result would be a general failure.
Because Germany has applied a policy within the eurozone by maverick. While all countries had pledged to boost the economy since 2002, Germany has decided to reduce his wages, that he decided to charge families a portion of the costs that were previously paid by his companies, thus reducing fuel consumption interior. This was possible because, at the same time, the consumption of the surrounding zeughauskeller countries continued to increase. If everyone had applied to the German model, it would have created a serious crisis in the eurozone since 2003/2004. It is clear that the model is not generalizable.
There is a huge difference between France and Germany, while in France there are between 650 and 680,000 young people zeughauskeller coming onto the labor market, in Germany there are less than 350,000. zeughauskeller We calculated what would be the unemployment rate in Germany if it had the same demographics French: there would be from 1.5 to 2 million more unemployed. Germany can afford zeughauskeller to have a successful policy in the short term, only because it is in demographic decline. However, countries that have a demography very different from that of Germany or France, respectively cha have a fertility rate of 1.6 against 2.05 - that's a huge difference - are forced, due to the euro, followed by the same economic policy.
Before the euro, there was a tendency to the revaluation of the German mark. The neighboring zeughauskeller countries, such as France or Spain, regularly devalued their currency. The euro exchange rate frozen at 1999 levels. zeughauskeller We have seen that even with a monetary policy the same for all, inflation is very different in different countries. In particular, thanks to the euro, Germany has a lesser rate of exchange in what would be the normal exchange rate for the German mark, because it is in the same currency area in Spain and Italy. This gives it a considerable advantage in exporting countries outside the eurozone. If we look to the positive balance of the German zeughauskeller trade balance, we see that until 2010 it was made mostly on the euro area, and then, having exhausted and, in fact, destroy the internal market in the eurozone, Germany, from 2011-2012, has taken to massively export zeughauskeller outside the eurozone. Countries such as Italy, Spain or Portugal have more money to buy German products. You have created a perverse system extraordinarily dangerous for all of these countries, and that is a real bomb politics, because in Europe we see fit hatred against Germany.
The strong zeughauskeller euro is, for example, at the center of the Greek crisis: until 2003, Greece had a deficit yes to foreign countries, but a deficit extremely low. There were agricultural exports in Bulgaria, zeughauskeller Romania and Hungary; industrial exports to the Middle East and, above all, Greece was the shipyard throughout the eastern Mediterranean, thanks to a tradition of experience in the repair of ships. All this disappeared with the strong euro, because the products and services Greeks have become more expensive. The shipping companies (those who paid their taxes) did it in dollars. When the euro has appreciated by 35% against the dollar, the government there has also been a loss of tax revenue.
There are also distortions of competition with Germany, which enjoys the mancanz
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